926 research outputs found
Relaxation in statistical many-agent economy models
We review some statistical many-agent models of economic and social systems
inspired by microscopic molecular models and discuss their stochastic
interpretation. We apply these models to wealth exchange in economics and study
how the relaxation process depends on the parameters of the system, in
particular on the saving propensities that define and diversify the agent
profiles.Comment: Revised final version. 6 pages, 5 figure
Predit: A temporal predictive framework for scheduling systems
Scheduling can be formalized as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). Within this framework activities belonging to a plan are interconnected via temporal constraints that account for slack among them. Temporal representation must include methods for constraints propagation and provide a logic for symbolic and numerical deductions. In this paper we describe a support framework for opportunistic reasoning in constraint directed scheduling. In order to focus the attention of an incremental scheduler on critical problem aspects, some discrete temporal indexes are presented. They are also useful for the prediction of the degree of resources contention. The predictive method expressed through our indexes can be seen as a Knowledge Source for an opportunistic scheduler with a blackboard architecture
Use and Abuse of a Fractional Fokker-Planck Dynamics for Time-Dependent Driving
We investigate a subdiffusive, fractional Fokker-Planck dynamics occurring in
time-varying potential landscapes and thereby disclose the failure of the
fractional Fokker-Planck equation (FFPE) in its commonly used form when
generalized in an {\it ad hoc} manner to time-dependent forces. A modified FFPE
(MFFPE) is rigorously derived, being valid for a family of dichotomously
alternating force-fields. This MFFPE is numerically validated for a rectangular
time-dependent force with zero average bias. For this case subdiffusion is
shown to become enhanced as compared to the force free case. We question,
however, the existence of any physically valid FFPE for arbitrary varying
time-dependent fields that differ from this dichotomous varying family.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Econophysics studies in Estonia
A short review of the econophysics research done in Estonia, devoted to the
15th anniversary of the term "econophysics".Comment: Submitted to the special issue on "Econophysics" of the journal
Science & Culture (http://www.scienceandculture-isna.org/journal.htm), a
publication of the Indian Science News Association, established in 193
Dimer diffusion in a washboard potential
The transport of a dimer, consisting of two Brownian particles bounded by a
harmonic potential, moving on a periodic substrate is investigated both
numerically and analytically. The mobility and diffusion of the dimer center of
mass present distinct properties when compared with those of a monomer under
the same transport conditions. Both the average current and the diffusion
coefficient are found to be complicated non-monotonic functions of the driving
force. The influence of dimer equilibrium length, coupling strength and damping
constant on the dimer transport properties are also examined in detail.Comment: Final revised version. 7 pages, 6 figure
Gamma-distribution and wealth inequality
We discuss the equivalence between kinetic wealth-exchange models, in which
agents exchange wealth during trades, and mechanical models of particles,
exchanging energy during collisions. The universality of the underlying
dynamics is shown both through a variational approach based on the minimization
of the Boltzmann entropy and a complementary microscopic analysis of the
collision dynamics of molecules in a gas. In various relevant cases the
equilibrium distribution is the same for all these models, namely a
gamma-distribution with suitably defined temperature and number of dimensions.
This in turn allows one to quantify the inequalities observed in the wealth
distributions and suggests that their origin should be traced back to very
general underlying mechanisms: for instance, it follows that the smaller the
fraction of the relevant quantity (e.g. wealth or energy) that agents can
exchange during an interaction, the closer the corresponding equilibrium
distribution is to a fair distribution.Comment: Presented to the International Workshop and Conference on:
Statistical Physics Approaches to Multi-disciplinary Problems, January 07-13,
2008, IIT Guwahati, Indi
A statistical model with a standard Gamma distribution
We study a statistical model consisting of basic units which interact
with each other by exchanging a physical entity, according to a given
microscopic random law, depending on a parameter . We focus on the
equilibrium or stationary distribution of the entity exchanged and verify
through numerical fitting of the simulation data that the final form of the
equilibrium distribution is that of a standard Gamma distribution. The model
can be interpreted as a simple closed economy in which economic agents trade
money and a saving criterion is fixed by the saving propensity .
Alternatively, from the nature of the equilibrium distribution, we show that
the model can also be interpreted as a perfect gas at an effective temperature
, where particles exchange energy in a space with an effective
dimension .Comment: 5 pages, including 4 figures. Uses REVTeX styl
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